Effects of vitamin C and D administration on mood and distress in acutely hospitalized patients

submitted by: LJHOFFER
Background: Hypovitaminosis C and D are highly prevalent in acute-care hospitals. Malnutrition with regard to these vitamins has been linked to mood disturbance and cognitive dysfunction. Objective: To determine whether vitamin C or D supplementation improves mood state or reduces psychological distress in acutely hospitalized patients with a high prevalence of hypovitaminosis C and D. Methods: Randomized, double-blind, active-control clinical trial comparing the effect of vitamin C (500...
Authors: Yifan Yang, Xing Jian Liu, Line Robitaille, Shaun Eintracht, Elizabeth MacNamara, L. John Hoffer

A diet rich in high glucoraphanin broccoli interacts with genotype to reduce discordance in plasma metabolite profiles through modulating mitochondrial function

submitted by: Andrew Chapple
Background: Observational and experimental studies suggest that diets rich in cruciferous vegetables and glucosinolates may reduce the risk of cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Objective: We tested the hypothesis that a 12-wk dietary intervention with high-glucoraphanin (HG) broccoli would modify biomarkers of CVD risk and plasma metabolite profiles to a greater extent than interventions with standard broccoli or peas. Design: Subjects were randomly assigned to consume 400 g...
Authors: Charlotte Armah, Maria Traka, Jack Dainty, Marianne Defernez, Astrid Janssens, Wing Leung, John Potter, Richard Mithen

Diet and exercise advice to reduce your cancer risk

submitted by: mdanderson
Download from iTunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/itunes-u/diet-exercise-advice-to-reduce/id43... . Karen Basen-Engquist, Ph.D., professor in Behavioral Science and director of Energy Balance, works with patients at MD Anderson Cancer Center to change behaviors based on nutrition and physical activity. Basen-Engquist’s goal is to find the best psychological and social interventions to alter unhealthy behaviors that increase cancer risk. Listen to Basen-Engquist describe her research and...

Cobalamin and haptocorrin in Human Milk and Cobalamin-related variables in mother and child: A 9-mo longitudinal study

submitted by: Eva Greibe
BACKGROUND:Measurement of milk cobalamin is hampered by the high content of the cobalamin-binding protein haptocorrin, and limited data are available relating trustworthy measures of milk cobalamin to cobalamin status in healthy mothers and their children. OBJECTIVES:The objectives were to explore the concentration of cobalamin and haptocorrin in foremilk and hindmilk during the first 9 mo of lactation and to relate these results to biomarkers of an impaired cobalamin status of mother and...
Authors: E Greibe, D Lildballe, S Streym, P Vestergaard, L Rejnmark, L Mosekilde, E Nexo

Age, dietary fiber, breath methane and fecal short chain fatty acids are interrelated in archaea positive humans

submitted by: Judlyn Fernandes
Recent attention has focused on the significance of colonic Archaea in human health and energy metabolism. The main objectives of this study were to determine the associations among the number of fecal Archaea, body mass index (BMI), fecal short chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentrations, and dietary intakes of healthy humans. We collected demographic information, 3-d diet records, and breath and fecal samples from 95 healthy participants who were divided into 2 groups: detectable Archaea...
Authors: Judlyn Fernandes, Angela Wang, Wen Su, Sari Rozenbloom, Amel Taibi, Elena Comelli, Thomas Wolever

Association between water consumption and body weight outcomes: a systematic review

submitted by: Rebecca
BACKGROUND Drinking water is often applied as a dietary means for weight loss and overweight/obesity prevention, but no evidence-based recommendation exists for this indication. OBJECTIVE We summarized the existing evidence on the association between water consumption and body weight outcomes in adults of any body weight status. DESIGN In a systematic review, we retrieved studies from 4 electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and COCHRANE), cross-references by PubMed functions...
Authors: R Muckelbauer, G Sarganas, A Grüneis, J Müller-Nordhorn

Weight-loss diets in people with type 2 diabetes and renal disease: a randomized controlled trial of the effect of different dietary protein amounts

submitted by: Peter Clifton
ABSTRACT Background: Higher-protein weight-loss diets (defined as >25% of energy as protein) are not recommended for individuals with type 2 diabetes because of their potential adverse effect on renal function. Objective: We aimed to examine the effect of such diets on renal function over 12 mo in people with type 2 diabetes and early renal disease. Design: Overweight and obese people with type 2 diabetes were screened to identify those with an albumin:creatinine ratio from 3 to...
Authors: David Jesudason, Eva Pedersen, Peter Clifton

DNA methylation potential: dietary intake and blood concentrations of one-carbon metabolites and cofactors in rural African women

submitted by: enphpdom
Background: Animal models show that periconceptional supplementation with folic acid, vitamin B-12, choline, and betaine can induce differences in offspring phenotype mediated by epigenetic changes in DNA. In humans, altered DNA methylation patterns have been observed in offspring whose mothers were exposed to famine or who conceived in the Gambian rainy season. Objective: The objective was to understand the seasonality of DNA methylation patterns in rural Gambian women. We studied natural...
Authors: P Dominguez-Salas, AM Prentice

Effect of preterm birth and birth weight on eating behavior at 2 years

submitted by: valama
ABSTRACT Background: Preterm infants frequently present eating difficulties in early childhood. Determinants of these difficulties are not known. Objective: We assessed the influence of neonatal and maternal characteristics on eating behaviors at 2 y of age. Design: The following 2 cohorts were compared: 234 preterm children born ,33 wk of gestational age from the POLYmorphisme ge´ne´tique, Nutrition et Comportement Alimentaire cohort and 245 term children from the Observation des...
Authors: Audrey Migraine, Sophie Nicklaus, Patricia Parnet, Christine Lange, Sandrine Monnery-Patris, Clotilde Desrobert, Dominique Darmaun, Cyril Flamant, Valerie Amarger, Jean-Christophe Rozé

Dietary patterns and risk of dementia in an elderly Japanese population: the Hisayama Study

submitted by: Mio
ABSTRACT Background: To our knowledge, there are no previous reports that assessed the association between dietary patterns and risk of dementia in Asian populations. Objective: We investigated dietary patterns and their potential association with risk of incident dementia in a general Japanese population. Design: A total of 1006 community-dwelling Japanese subjects without dementia, aged 60–79 y, were followed up for a median of 15 y. The reduced rank regression procedure was used to...
Authors: Mio Ozawa, Toshiharu Ninomiya, Tomoyuki Ohara, Yasufumi Doi, Kazuhiro Uchida, Tomoko Shirota, Koji Yonemoto, Takanari Kitazono, Yutaka Kiyohara