Summary *Key challenges include dealing with diverse cellulosic sugars and finding ways to recycle carbon dioxide back into useful biomass. *Sugar cane and Hibiscus varieties from the Malvaceae plant family are sources of cellulosic biomass that do not require highly productive agricultural lands. *Microorganisms associated with termites and shipworms might harbor useful enzymes for processing biomass, while yeasts associated with Malvaceae plants are also worth investigating....