biology

Theory and endeavors in the physical, biological and anthropological sciences are contrasted in order to discuss validity in the representation of nature. A physical model for the evolution of knowledge is presented that equates the universe with the entity path; the conceptual and physical, memory and path, the immaterial and the material, respectively as the effect of path. The universe, infinite in inexact description only, is structurally reframed employing the orientation of the...

Super-eruptions: Volcanic Activity with a Global Impact; Stephen Self, Volcano Dynamics Group, Department of Earth Science, The Open University, Senior Volcanologist, US NRC - Every now and again, Earth suffers from tremendous explosive volcanic eruptions, much bigger than those witnessed in modern times. Although the return period for such events is long, perhaps every 10-100,000 years depending on the size, it is statistically more likely that Earth will next experience a large...

Intestinal roundworms infect >2 billion of the poorest peoples and have received little attention. Very little money is spent on much needed drug development for human parasites, making them one of the great neglected tropical diseases. Recently, a new and powerful class of anti-roundworm drugs (anthelmintic) has emerged- crystal proteins (e.g., Cry5B) made by Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). Here we show that combining Cry5B with nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists like tribendimidine and...

By Abnova - GST fusion proteins allow convenient affinity purification of many proteins of interest but the GST-tag may become inconvenient in various downstream applications. We use PreScission protease to digest the GST fusion proteins and the protein without GST-tag is obtained.

By Abnova - Bradford assay is a rapid and accurate method to determine the concentration of protein. The assay is based on the observation that the absorbance maximum for an acidic solution of Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 shifts from 465 nm to 595 nm when binding to protein occurs. Both hydrophobic and ionic interactions stabilize the anionic form of the dye, causing a visible color change. Within the linear range of the assay (~5-25 mcg/ml), the more protein present, the more Coomassie binds.

By Abnova - Silver staining is used to detect proteins after electrophoretic separation on polyacrylamide gels. It combines excellent sensitivity while using very simple and cheap equipment and chemicals. The procedures of silver staining are protein fixation, silver impregnation and image development.